What effect do natural resources like energy and fuels have on the environment?

Natural resources like energy and fuels indeed have a significant effect on the environment, which is why the selection pointing this out is correct. The extraction, processing, and consumption of these resources can lead to various environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change.

When fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are burned for energy, they release greenhouse gases and other pollutants, which contribute to air quality deterioration and global warming. Furthermore, the extraction processes, such as mining or drilling, can disrupt ecosystems and lead to soil and water contamination.

Choosing this option highlights the reality that while these resources are essential for energy production and economic development, they come with environmental costs that must be managed to mitigate their impact. Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing sustainable practices and policies that aim to minimize environmental harm while still meeting energy needs.