What does heredity refer to in plants and animals?

Heredity refers to the passing of traits from parents to their offspring. This process explains how certain characteristics, or traits, are inherited through genetic information. The correct choice highlights that traits can vary significantly between generations, which is a fundamental concept in genetics. This variation occurs due to the recombination of genes during reproduction, mutations, and the influence of environmental factors on genetic expression, leading to offspring that may exhibit a range of different features compared to their parents.

This understanding of heredity is critical in both plants and animals, as it helps explain biodiversity and the adaptation of species over time. While some traits remain consistent, the ability to vary is what drives evolution and helps populations adjust to changing environments.